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PART I: GETTING STARTED ON THE WEB Lesson 1: Understanding How the Web Works 1 A Brief History of HTML and the World Wide Web 2 Creating Web Content 2 Understanding Web Content Delivery 3 Selecting a Web Hosting Provider 6 Testing with Multiple Web Browsers and Devices 8 Creating a Sample File 9 Using FTP to Transfer Files 10 Understanding Where to Place Files on the Web Server 14 Distributing Content Without a Web Server 17 Tips for Testing Web Content 18 Summary 19 Q&A 20 Workshop 20 Exercises 22 Lesson 2: Creating Web Content 2 Getting Prepared 24 Getting Started with a Simple Web Page 25 HTML Tags Every Web Page Must Have 28 Organizing a Page with Paragraphs and Line Breaks 31 Organizing Your Content with Headings 33 Understanding Semantic Elements 36 Using in Multiple Ways 42 Understanding the Element 44 Using 45 Implementing the Element 45 When to Use 47 Using Effectively 48 Summary 49 Q&A 50 Workshop 51 Exercises 53 Lesson 3: Understanding Cascading Style Sheets 55 How CSS Works 56 A Basic Style Sheet 57 A CSS Style Primer 63 Using Style Classes 68 Using Style IDs 70 Internal Style Sheets and Inline Styles 71 Summary 74 Q&A 75 Workshop 75 Exercises 77 Lesson 4: Understanding JavaScript 79 Learning Web Scripting Basics 80 How JavaScript Fits into a Web Page 81 Exploring JavaScript's Capabilities 84 Displaying Time with JavaScript 85 Testing the Script 89 Summary 93 Q&A 93 Workshop 94 Exercises 96 Lesson 5: Validating and Debugging Your Code 97 Validating Your Web Content 97 Debugging HTML and CSS Using Developer Tools 99 Debugging JavaScript Using Developer Tools 112 Summary 118 Q&A 118 Workshop 118 Exercises 120 PART II: BUILDING BLOCKS OF PRACTICAL WEB DESIGN Lesson 6: Working with Fonts, Text Blocks, Lists, and Tables 121 Working with Special Characters 122 Boldface, Italic, and Special Text Formatting 126 Tweaking the Font 129 Using Web Fonts 133 Aligning Text on a Page 136 The Three Types of HTML Lists 139 Placing Lists Within Lists 142 Creating a Simple Table 147 Controlling Table Sizes 151 Alignment and Spanning Within Tables 154 Page Layout with Tables 157 Using CSS Columns 158 Summary 162 Q&A 164 Workshop 165 Exercises 166 Lesson 7: Using External and Internal Links 167 Using Web Addresses 167 Linking Within a Page Using Anchors 170 Linking Between Your Own Web Content 174 Linking to Non-HTML Files 177 Linking to External Web Content 178 Linking to an Email Address 179 Opening a Link in a New Browser Window 180 Giving Titles to Links 181 Using CSS to Style Hyperlinks 182 Using Links Effectively 186 Summary 187 Q&A 188 Workshop 189 Exercises 190 Lesson 8: Working with Colors, Images, and Multimedia 191 Best Practices for Choosing Colors 192 Understanding Web Colors 194 Using Hexadecimal Values for Colors 196 Using RGB and RGBa Values for Colors 197 Using CSS to Set Background, Text, and Border Colors 199 Choosing Graphics Software 201 The Least You Need to Know About Graphics 202 Preparing Photographic Images 203 Creating Banners and Buttons 210 Optimizing Images by Reducing or Removing Colors 211 Creating Tiled Background Images 212 Placing Images on a Web Page 214 Describing Images with Text 217 Specifying Image Height and Width 218 Aligning Images 219 Turning Images into Links 223 Using Background Images226 Using Image Maps 227 Linking to Multimedia Files 233 Embedding Multimedia Files 237 Additional Tips for Using Multimedia 242 Summary 242 Q&A 245 Workshop 246 Exercises 248 PART III: ADVANCED WEB PAGE DESIGN WITH CSS Lesson 9: Working with Margins, Padding, Alignment, and Floating 249 Using Margins 249 Padding Elements 257 Keeping Everything Aligned 261 Centering Blocks of Content 262 Understanding the float Property 263 Summary 267 Q&A 267 Workshop 267 Exercises 270 Lesson 10: Understanding the CSS Box Model and Positioning 271 The CSS Box Model 271 Changing the Box Model 275 The Whole Scoop on Positioning 276 Controlling the Way Things Stack Up 281 Managing the Flow of Text 284 Summary 285 Q&A 285 Workshop 286 Exercises 288 Lesson 11: Using CSS to Do More with Lists, Text, and Navigation 289 HTML List Refresher 290 How the CSS Box Model Affects Lists 290 Placing List Item Indicators 294 Creating Image Maps with List Items and CSS 296 How Navigation Lists Differ from Regular Lists 299 Creating Vertical Navigation with CSS 300 Creating Horizontal Navigation with CSS 310 Summary 314 Q&A 314 Workshop 315 Exercises 316 Lesson 12: Creating Layouts Using Modern CSS Techniques 317 Getting Ready to Do Page Layout 318 The Importance of Putting Mobile Devices First 319 Understanding Fixed Layouts 319 Understanding Liquid Layouts 322 Creating a Fixed/Liquid Hybrid Layout 324 Using Modern CSS Layout Techniques 335 Summary 349 Q&A 350 Workshop 350 Exercises 352 Lesson 13: Taking Control of Backgrounds and Borders 353 Reviewing Background and Border Basics 353 Using Multiple Borders and Backgrounds 355 Using Forgotten Background Properties 359 Using Gradients as Backgrounds 365 Rounding the Corners of HTML Elements 371 Using Images as Borders 373 Understanding CSS Outlines 378 Summary 379 Q&A 379 Workshop 379 Exercises 381 Lesson 14: Using CSS Transformations and Transitions 383 Understanding CSS 2D Transformations 383 Transforming Elements in Three Dimensions 392 Working with CSS Transitions 393 Using JavaScript to Trigger Transitions 397 Summary 398 Q&A 399 Workshop 399 Exercises 400 Lesson 15: Animating with CSS and the Canvas 401 Understanding CSS Animation 401 Using the CSS Canvas 410 Choosing Between CSS Animation and Canvas Animation 423 Summary 424 Q&A 424 Workshop 424 Exercises 426 PART IV: RESPONSIVE WEB DESIGN Lesson 16: Understanding the Importance of Responsive Web Design 427 What Is Responsive Web Design? 427 What Is Progressive Enhancement? 431 Writing HTML for Responsive Web Design 435 Validating HTML, CSS, and JavaScript 438 Summary 439 Q&A 440 Workshop 440 Exercises 442 Lesson 17: Designing for Mobile Devices 443 Designing for Mobile Devices 443 Understanding Mobile First Design 451 Using Responsive Tables and Images 455 Creating Responsive Layouts Without Media Queries 464 Alternatives for Mobile Design Besides RWD 466 Summary 468 Q&A 469 Workshop 469 Exercise 470 Lesson 18: Using Media Queries and Breakpoints 471 What Is a Media Query? 471 Using Media Query Expressions 476 What Is a Breakpoint? 477 How to Define Breakpoints in Your CSS 477 Optimal Breakpoints 483 Summary 484 Q&A 484 Workshop 485 Exercises 486 PART V: GETTING STARTED WITH DYNAMIC SITES Lesson 19: Understanding Dynamic Websites and HTML5 Applications 487 Understanding the Different Types of Scripting 487 Including JavaScript in HTML 488 Displaying Random Content 491 Understanding the Document Object Model 495 Changing Images Based on User Interaction 498 Thinking Ahead to Developing HTML5 Applications 501 Summary 501 Q&A 502 Workshop 502 Exercises 506 Lesson 20: Getting Started with JavaScript Programming 507 Basic Concepts 507 JavaScript Syntax Rules 514 Using Comments 515 Best Practices for JavaScript 516 Understanding JSON 517 Summary 518 Q&A 518 Workshop 519 Exercises 522 Lesson 21: Working with the Document Object Model (DOM) 523 Understanding the Document Object Model 523 Using window Objects 524 Working with the document Object 525 Accessing Browser History 528 Working with the location Object 530 More About the DOM Structure 531 Working with DOM Nodes 534 Creating Positionable Elements (Layers) 536 Hiding and Showing Objects 541 Modifying Text in a Page 543 Adding Text to a Page 545 Summary 547 Q&A 547 Workshop 548 Exercises 550 Lesson 22: Using JavaScript Variables, Strings, and Arrays 551 Using Variables 552 Understanding Expressions and Operators 555 Data Types in JavaScript 556 Converting Between Data Types 557 Using String Objects 558 Working with Substrings 562 Using Numeric Arrays 564 Using String Arrays 565 Sorting a Numeric Array 567 Using Functions 570 Introducing Objects 575 Using Objects to Simplify Scripting 577 Extending Built-in Objects 582 Using the Math Object 583 Working with Math Methods 585 Working with Dates 587 Summary 590 Q&A 590 Workshop 591 Exercises 594 Lesson 23: Controlling Flow with Conditions and Loops 595 The if Statement 595 Using Shorthand Conditional Expressions 599 Testing Multiple Conditions with if and else 600 Using Multiple Conditions with switch 602 Using for Loops 604 Using while Loops 606 Using do...while Loops 607 Working with Loops 607 Looping Through Object Properties 609 Summary 612 Q&A 612 Workshop 613 Exercises 615 Lesson 24: Responding to Events and Using Windows 617 Understanding Event Handlers 618 Using Mouse Events 623 Using Keyboard Events 627 Using the load and unload Events 630 Using click to Change the Appearance of a 631 Controlling Windows with Objects 638 Moving and Resizing Windows 643 Using Timeouts 645 Displaying Dialog Boxes 648 Summary 650 Q&A 650 Workshop 651 Exercises 654 Lesson 25: JavaScript Best Practices 655 Scripting Best Practices 655 Reading Browser Information 666 Cross-Browser Scripting 669 Supporting Non-JavaScript-Enabled Browsers 671 Creating an Unobtrusive Script 674 Summary 677 Q&A 677 Workshop 677 Exercises 680 Lesson 26: Using Third-Party JavaScript Libraries and Frameworks 681 Using Third-Party JavaScript Libraries 681 Adding JavaScript Effects by Using a Third-Party Library 686 Using JavaScript Frameworks 689 Summary 691 Q&A 691 Workshop 692 Exercises 694 PART VI: ADVANCED WEBSITE FUNCTIONALITY AND MANAGEMENT Lesson 27: Working with Web-Based Forms 695 How HTML Forms Work 695 Creating a Form 696 Accepting Text Input 702 Naming Each Piece of Form Data 703 Labeling Each Piece of Form Data 703 Grouping Form Elements 705 Exploring Form Input Controls 706 Using HTML5 Form Validation 716 Submitting Form Data 718 Accessing Form Elements with JavaScript 720 Summary 723 Q&A 725 Workshop 725 Exercises 728 Lesson 28: Organizing and Managing a Website 729 When One Page Is Enough 730 Organizing a Simple Site 732 Organizing a Larger Site 735 Optimizing Your Site for Search Engines 738 Writing Maintainable Code 740 Thinking About Version Control 743 Using HTML and CSS Frameworks 745 Summary 746 Q&A 746 Workshop 747 Exercises 750 Index 751

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